Isitayela samanje (ekuguquleleni-namhlanje) ivela ngasekupheleni kwekhulu leshumi elinesithoba eYurophu. Wafika ukutshintsha isimbo se-eclecticism, eyayiquka ukuphindaphinda kwezitayela ezahlukeneyo. Into ebalulekileyo yinto yanamhlanje kukuba yayisekelwe kwiindlela ezintsha zobungcali kwaye ayizange icacise izitayela zangaphambili. Iimpawu eziphambili ze-Art Nouveau isitayela, iingubo zezobugcisa, i-curvilinearity and contour contours. Izinto ze-Art Nouveau style ziye zathola ukuthandwa okukhulu phakathi kwabakhi bezakhiwo, abaculi kunye nabaqulunqi beli-90 leminyaka. Unyaka obalaseleyo kwimbali yesitayela samanje ngo-1900. KwiMiboniso Yehlabathi ngowe-1900 eParis, isitayela se-Art Nouveau sawina udumo lwehlabathi.
Imfashini yesimboli se-Art Nouveau ibuyele ekuqaleni kwekhulu lama-20 leminyaka. Abaculi abaninzi bancedisa ubugcisa bezinto ezintsha kwimisebenzi yabo.
Ubugcisa boBugcisa bobugcisa
Izakhiwo ezininzi zekhulu le-20 leminyaka, ezakhiwe kwisimboli se-Art Nouveau, ngoku ziyabonwa njengezikhumbuzo zokwakha. Izindlu kwi style Art Nouveau zidibanisa ubuhle bemvelo kunye nokusebenza. Ukungabikho kweengxondorha ezilungileyo, ukusetyenziswa kweglasi kunye nesinyithi, imigca ephilileyo kunye ne-smoothness yimiba ephambili yindlela yesimanje yokwakha. Umqambi wokuqala, owaziwayo, owadala kule ndlela, wayengummeli waseBelgium uVictor Orta. Iiprojekthi zakhe zazingalingani, ezininzi zinokubonakala ziyingcambu. Njengoko izakhiwo zithwele imithwalo, isakhiwo esinezakhiwo zetsimbi, ukulungiswa kwangaphakathi nangaphakathi - izinto zeglasi. Isiqendu ngasinye kwisakhiwo sihambelana ngokubambisana. EFransi, umfumanisi wesitayela se-Art Nouveau ekwakhiweni nguHector Gimar. Lo mboni wenzelwe ezinye izitishi zangasese zaseParis kwi style Art Nouveau.
Isitayela samanje kwiingubo
Imfashini yengubo kwisitayela se-Art Nouveau yabonakala ngasekupheleni kweleshumi elinesithoba-yokuqala kwekhulu leminyaka. Iingubo zokugqoka kule ndlela zazikhethwa ngabasetyhini phantse yonke intlalo yoluntu. Iingubo zokugqoka kwi-Art Nouveau kuqala zagxininisa isiqhwa esincinci. Ngokuncedwa ibhande, umfazi lowo wahlula abe zimbini. Ingxenye ephezulu - ngokuvula emfutshane esifubeni, ezantsi-nge-skirt ehambahambayo. Abaqulunqo bala maxesha bazama ukunika iingubo zowesifazane umfanekiso wesibhabhathane esilula okanye intyatyambo. Iingubo zeengubo zasihlotshiswe ngopende, i-applique, i-embroidery kunye nezinye izinto zokuhlobisa. Iipateni ezinobomi zifakwe kwiingubo ezingenakulinganiswa. Iipateni ezithandwayo kakhulu zokugqoka kwi-Art Nouveau isitayela zezityalo, izilwanyana, iintyatyambo kunye namaqabunga.
Indima ebalulekileyo edlalwa ngamagqabantshi - iimpahla kwisitayela se-Art Nouveau zenziwe ngamacwecwe atyhidiwe, ahlobisa amatye kunye neentsimbi. Iingubo zazizaliswa kunye nemihlobiso kwisitayela samhlanje - amabhola amakhulu kunye namacici, kunye neengubo ezinkulu.
Ubugcisa obutsha kwi-Art
Isitayela se-Art Nouveau siye saxhaphaka kwimifanekiso, umfanekiso kunye nobugcisa nemisebenzi. Umsebenzi ogqithisileyo wobugcisa be-Art Nouveau wayebhekwa njengamapaneli, abadwebi beemifanekiso-zoncedo. I-Silhouettes, iintyatyambo, imihlobiso yeentyatyambo, iimpahla ezikhulayo zizinto eziphambili ze-Art Nouveau kwezobugcisa. Ukuqatshelwa kwehlabathi kwamkelwa ngabaculi abaninzi abasebenza kule ndlela - iGauguin, iKlimt, Munch, Vrubel nabanye.
Isitayela seNorthern Art Nouveau
Isitala saseNyakatho yobuNtshwankathelo beNyakatho yindlela ehlukeneyo yokwakhiwa kwezinto zanamhlanje, eyagxininiswa eSt. Petersburg, eStockholm, eRiga naseHelsinki ekuqaleni kwekhulu lama-20. Into ebalulekileyo yale ndlela ikhethiwe ngokufanelekileyo ngokuzikhethela kunye nezinto zokugqiba zemvelo. I-Granite, izitena, i-plaster enemibala ehlotshiswe ngemihlobiso yeentyantyambo zamazwe asentla.