Abazali abancinane emva kokuvela kwezibulo bajamelana nobunzima obutsha, ukungakwazi ukunyamekela ukunyamekela umntwana, obonakala ephosakele kwaye engenakunceda. Enye yeengxaki zokuqala zihambelana nendlela yokuhlamba umntwana osandula. Ulwazi olulandelayo luya kukunceda ukwazi kakuhle imigaqo yale nkqubo ebalulekileyo.
Ndiyakwazi nini ukuhlamba intsana?
Ukugcina impilo yentsana iyadingeka ukususela kwiintsuku zokuqala emva kokubonakala kwayo ukuhambelana nemigangatho yococeko, enye yezinto ekuqhutyelwa ngazo rhoqo inkqubo yamanzi. Ukuhlamba umntwana ngokucwiliswa ngokupheleleyo komzimba emanzini, amaninzi abantwana abanconyayo kungekudala kunokuphulukiswa kwilonda elibi (xa i-crusts ivela) - malunga neveki yesibini okanye yesithathu yobomi.
Kuze kube ngolu hlobo kulungele ukusebenzisa ibhagi elincinci kwaye uhlambe umntwana, uzama ukungaxhamli ummandla wenqanawa engavunywanga (ukukhusela usuleleko). Ngaphandle koko, ungasebenzisa ukucoca ulusu ngamancuba ahlambulukileyo, ahlambuluke ngamanzi nge-diaper okanye isiponji okanye uhlambe umntwana phantsi kwamanzi afudumeleyo emva kokukhupha. Ukuba umntwana unayo nayiphi na ingxaki zempilo, mhlawumbi, ukuqala kokuhlamba kuyakufuneka ihlehliswe. Kule nkalo, kufuneka uqhagamshelane nodokotela wezingane okanye i-neonatologist.
Ukulungiselela ukuhlamba usana olutsha
Ukuhlamba kuqala komntwana yenye yezona ziganeko ezinamandla kwaye zinoxanduva, apho ukulungiswa kwakhona kweemvumba zokuncedisa iinkqubo kunokuxhomekeka kunye nomnqweno wabazali ukufeza le "masiko" ebalulekileyo njengoko kukhuthazwa. Ukuze inkqubo ihlale ikhululekile kwaye ikhuselekile, konke kufuneka kucatshangelwe kwaye kucwangciswe kwangaphambili.
Ngokuxhomekeka kwiimeko zokuhlala, ukuhlamba kunokwenziwa kwigumbi okanye kwikhitshi kwindawo yokuhlamba umntwana okanye kwindawo yokuhlambela kwindawo yokuhlamba yabantu abadala. Ikhetho lokugqibela liyakwamkeleka ngakumbi kunabini bokuqala, kuba i-crumb iya kuba neendawo ezininzi zokunyakaza okusebenzayo, kwaye amanzi aya kugcina iqondo lokushisa ixesha elide. Kufuneka kuqondwe ukuba ukuhlamba kwindawo enkulu yokuhlamba akuyona nje into yokuhlamba, kodwa inkqubo enika oku kulandelayo:
- ukuqina komzimba womntwana;
- Ukuthintela izifo ezininzi (ikakhulukazi i-dermatological kunye ne-allergenic);
- ukuhlambulula umoya othulini ngokunyusa umsebenzi wemisipha yokuphefumula;
- umthwalo ngokomzimba, ukuphucula uphuhliso lomntwana;
- enye indlela yokwazisa umntwana emhlabeni wonke;
- ukuphucula ukutya;
- ukususwa kwengqondo yengqondo, ukuzola, ukulungelelaniswa nokulala kwesandi.
Ukususela ekuhlambuleni kuhlobo lomthwalo emzimbeni, kuyinto enqwenelekayo ngaphambi kokuba wenze ukufudumala okuncinci, okubandakanya ukusikwa (ukubetheka, ukugcoba) kunye ne-gymnastics elula (i-flexing-extension of joints). Uqeqesho olunjalo, oluthatha malunga nemizuzu engama-20, luyakomeleza iinzuzo zamanzi iinkqubo. Ewe, ukuba omnye wabazali wenza oku, ngelixa isibini isilungisa yonke into efunekayo kwindawo yokuhlambela.
Yintoni okufuneka uyihlambele uluhlu lwabazali olusandula kuzalwa
Ukubhukuda umntwana kwindawo yokuhlamba enkulu, kufuneka unakekele ulawulo lokushisa lwamanzi kunye nomoya kwindawo yokuhlambela, ukucoceka kokuhlamba, ukufumaneka kwezixhobo ezahlukeneyo ukulungiselela nokuphucula induduzo yenkqubo, iintsholongwane zabantwana. Kubalulekile ukuba uhlambe izandla zakho uze ususe kuzo zonke iigrafu, ukuze ungakhangeli umntwana. Silula zonke izinto eziyimfuneko kwinkqubo:
- umbala weerubha kwindawo yokuhlambela - ukukhusela phantsi kwisantya esichukumisayo kunye nomntwana oselula;
- usihlalo - ukuhlala umzali;
- itafile eguqukayo - yokomisa nokutshintsha iimpahla emva kokuhlamba;
- i-thermometers yamanzi nomoya;
- iiyure zokujonga ilanga lokuhlala komntwana emanzini;
- izixhobo zokugcina intloko yesana emanzini ngaphandle koxhaswa ngabazali - ikhefu eneplastiki ye-foam, isangqa esine-gonfle, isilayidi kunye nokunye okunjalo;
- i-cotton diaper elithambileyo okanye ithawula yokusula;
- isepha, umntwana;
- shampoo yesana;
- ukumnika imfuyo;
- ukuhlamba ngamanzi ahlambulukileyo - ukuhlambulula umntwana;
- i-turundas yeboya yokucoca iindlebe;
- izixhobo zokunakekelwa kwesikhumba (ukhilimu, umgubo, ioli);
- iimpahla zebhokhwe.
Yintoni yokuhlamba ibhagi ngaphambi kokuhlamba iintsana?
Njalo ngaphambi kokuba uhlambe umntwana osanda kuzalwa, kufuneka uhlambulule umgangatho wokuhlamba. Emva koko umbuzo uvela: yintoni uhlamba ibhafu ngaphambi kokuhlamba iintsana? Ikhuselekile kakhulu ukusebenzisa i-soda yesiqhelo ngokuqhelekileyo kunye nesiponongo esinomsebenzi onzima. Ukucoca iindonga kunye nezantsi, kufuneka uhlambulule ngokuhlambulula amanzi kunye ne-water from under shower. Ukongeza, ungasebenzisa njengesephaphu yokuhlamba impahla yendalo. Ukuba ngumbuzo wendlela yokuhlamba umntwana osanda kuzalwa ekuhlambeni, akufuneki ukuba uhlambe phambi kwenkqubo nganye, ingqalelo ukuba ayisebenzisi kwezinye iinjongo.
Ngaba kufuneka ndibilisa amanzi ukuze ndihlambe umntwana osana?
Abazali abaninzi banomdla nokuba ufuna ukubilisa amanzi okuhlamba umntwana osana. Kukholelwa ukuba abantwana, abaye baphilisa benxeba kwintonga, unako ukuhlamba ngamanzi epompo aqhelekileyo. Isidingo sokusebenzisa amanzi abilisiwe sisekhona kuphela ngeli xesha. Ukuba kukho nayiphi na into engathandabuzekiyo malunga nomgangatho wamanzi ompompo, kungcono ukusebenzisa isihlunu ukucoca nokuyilisa.
Ukushisa kwindawo yokuhlamba iintsana
Umbono wokuthi umoya eklasini apho umntwana ehlamba kufuneka abefudumele kunamanye amagumbi, aphutha. Ukoyika ababandayo, abazali abaninzi abacinga ukuba iintsana zingaphuthuki nje kuphela i-hypothermia, kodwa ziphinde zenzeke ngokungafunekiyo, ezibangelwa ukungapheleli kweendlela zokuphefumula. Ukucinga malunga nokushisa apho umntwana osanda kuzalwa kufuneka ahlambuluke, kuyafaneleka ukuqwalasela imimiselo eqhelekileyo yemimiselo yomoya apho umntwana ephefumula ngaphakathi.
Ukushisa komoya omncinci kumntwana omncinci kufuneka kube njalo phakathi kwe-18-22 ° C. Ukuqwalasela oku, akuyimfuneko ukufudumala indawo yokuhlambela ngokukhethekileyo. Ukongezelela, emva kokushiya ibhedi yokutshiza, kwakungekho utshintsho oluzenzekelayo ekungcoleni komoya, okwenzakalisa umzimba, umnyango kufuneka ushiywe uvule ngexesha lokuhlamba.
Ubushushu bamanzi bokubhukuda iintsana
Umcimbi okhethekileyo okhuthaza bonke abazali abanenkathalo, ngaphandle kokunye, ubandakanyeka ubushushu apho umntwana osanda kuzalwa kufuneka ahlambe khona. Kulo mzekelo, kuyafaneleka ukuba ukhumbule ukuba ummiselo wokushisa komzimba kwiintsana uhlukile ngokupheleleyo kunomntu omdala. Ngenxa yoko, ukucinga malunga naluphi uhlobo lwamanzi lokuhlamba umntwana osandul 'ukuzalwa kufuneka lukhokelwe ngoluvo lwakhe, kodwa ngohlobo lweempawu zenyama. Kwaye umntwana wayekhululekile, kwaye inkqubo inenzuzo, amanzi ekuhlambe kufuneka ahambelane nomda wokushisa we-33-34 ° C.
Ibhafu yokuqala kwindawo yokuhlamba enkulu kufuneka iqhutywe kwiqondo lokushisa lama-34 ° C. Emva kweveki, udinga umlinganiselo omncinci-omnye - ukunciphisa izinga lokushisa, kwaye uqhubeke nokuhla kweveki ukuya kumda we-29-30 ° C. Kwiimeko ezinjalo, umntwana, ukuhlamba kunye nokunyamekela emanzini, uyanyamezela: intliziyo yakhe iyanda, ukunyuka kwegazi, ukwanda kwegazi, iinkqubo zokuxilisa umzimba emzimbeni zikhawuleza. Kufuneka ukuba uqaphele ukuba ngelixa elizayo, ngeenyanga ezintandathu, umntwana angasoloko ehlamba emanzini 26-27 ° C, apho uya kuziva.
Yintoni ekuhlambela umntwana osandula?
Elinye iphuzu elibalulekileyo kubazali abafuna ukwazi indlela yokuhlamba kakuhle umntwana osandul 'ukuzalwa kukusetyenziswa kwemveliso yokuhlamba. Kwiintsana, izikhuselo zesikhumba azibalulekiyo (ngokungabikho kokufudumala), ngoko kwiiveki zokuqala zeeveki kuvunyelwe ukuba ungasebenzisi nayiphi na into esetyenziswayo. Ukuqhubela phambili kungekho ngaphezu kwezihlandlo ezi-2-3 ngeveki ungasebenzisa isepha ( umntwana , i-gel kunye nokunye okunjalo) kunye kanye emva kweeveki ezi-1-2 - i-shampoo ye-baby soft.
Ngokweengcinga zanamhlanje, akukho nto ifanele ixutywe emanzini. Eyona nto ibaluleke kakhulu ukuyiqwalasela i-permanganate, oomama kunye nogogo abanomdla wokuba bangeze xa bayihlamba abantwana. Kwinkcenkceshe ebuthakathaka, le nto ayinasiphelo esichengeni i-disinfectant effect, kwaye isisombululo esipheleleyo siphezu kwesikhumba kwaye sinokubangela ukutshiswa kweembrane.
Kuvunyelwe 1-2 ngamaxesha eveki ukufaka imifuno yokubhinqa iintsana, ngokwenza i-infusions. Ezifanelekileyo izityalo ezifana ne-turn, i-chamomile, i-calendula, i-motherwort, i-hop cones, i-lavender. Ukuze uhlambe olukhulu uzakufuna iglasi yezinto eziphathekayo, ekufuneka zizaliswe ngetitha lamanzi abilayo kwaye, emva kokufakela ubuncinane ubuncinane kwiiyure ezingama-3, cima. Kufuneka kuqatshelwe ukuba kunye nemifuno kufuneka uqikelele, kuba inokubangela ukuphazamiseka kwengane kumntwana.
Indlela yokuhlamba umntwana osandul 'ukuzalwa okokuqala ngqa?
Iziphakamiso ezilandelayo ziza kunceda abazali "abasandul 'ukwenza ukuba baqonde indlela yokuhlamba umntwana osandul' ukuzalwa okokuqala ngqa ekhaya:
- Ixesha elihle lokuhlamba - ngokuhlwa, ngaphambi kokutya kokugqibela nobusuku bokulala.
- Inkqubo kufuneka iqaliswe kuphela emva kokuba zonke izilungiso ezifunekayo zilungiselelwe.
- Ibhedi kufuneka izaliswe ngamanzi malunga ne-2/3.
- Ngaphambi kokuba uhlambe usana olusanda kuhlamba, kufuneka uhlambulule izitho zangasese nge-napkin.
- Ukunciphisa umntwana emanzini kufuneka kube ngokuthe ngcembe: kuqala imilenze, ngoko iinqumlo, isisu, isifuba, amahlombe, ngelixa intamo nentloko kufuneka zihlale ngaphantsi kwamanzi.
- Kumntu omncinci akayikwesaba, kuyacetyiswa ukuba uhlale ethetha naye ngelizwi elililileyo, elililileyo.
Indlela yokugcina iintsana xa ubhada?
Ukuqwalasela indlela yokuhlamba umntwana osandul 'ukuzalwa, umntu akanakukunyamekela umbuzo wendlela yokuwugcina emanzini. Kukulungele ukubamba inkomo ngesandla sayo sobunxele - iminwe emine ngaphantsi kwentloko kunye nomnwe omncinci phantsi kwentamo, ukuqinisekisa ukuba umlomo kunye neempumlo ziphezu kwamanzi, kwaye isandla sesibini silungisa isikhundla se-trunk. Ukubamba njengaye, kufuneka uholele umgca ukusuka kwelinye icala lokuhlamba ukuya kwelinye. Ukuze umntwana aguqulwe kwi-tummy, kufuneka uyijike kwaye uyibambe ukuze i-chin isithuba phakathi kweminwe emikhulu kunye neenkcazo zemifanekiso.
Ngaba unako ukumanzisa iindlebe zakho xa uhlamba umntwana?
Ukubhukuda abantwana, okukhangela ngamandla ekuhlambeni, kunzima ukwenza ngaphandle kokufumana amanzi ezindlebeni. Ngelo xesha, akukho nto eyoyikisayo kule nto, kwaye omnye akufanele abe noloyiko lokuqhagamshelana rhoqo ngeendlebe ngamanzi. Amanzi awelayo aya kunceda ukunciphisa nokususa i-sulfuri ngokusisigxina kwi-canals. Kubalulekile ukuba uqaphele ukuba akulimazi ukufumana amanzi emehlweni.
Ingakanani ukuhlamba intsana?
Akwaqondakali kubaqalayo yinto engakanani ekuhlambuleni intsana. Ekuqaleni, kucetyiswa ukuba unike inkqubo 7-10 imizuzu, ukuze umntwana afunde kakuhle amanzi, waqala ukusetyenziswa. Ngomso olandelayo, ixesha lokuhlamba lomntwana linga kunyuswa, ngokukhawuleza lilethe ukuya kwi-20-30 imizuzu. Ukuba sele umntwana esa, ulungele yena kunye nabazali: emva kokusebenza okunjalo uya kulamba aze athathele, ukuze, ezele, uya kuba nokulala kakuhle.
Ngaphi na kufuneka ndihlambe umntwana osanda kuzalwa?
Abanye abazali bangabazeki ukuba baya kuhlamba intsana yonke imihla okanye ukuqhuba iinkqubo zamanzi rhoqo rhoqo - umzekelo, yonke imihla. Oogqirha batusa ukunika ixesha lokuhlamba imihla yonke ebaluleke kakhulu kumzimba womntwana. Oku kuncedisa ekuphuhlisweni kwamasipha kunye nezihlunu, kuzinzisa ukujikeleza kwegazi, kunceda ukulungelelanisa ukunyakaza, ukulungisa iminwe kunye neepenki.
Yintoni endiyenzayo emva kokuhlamba isana?
Kubalulekile nje ukuba wazi indlela yokuhlamba ngokutsha umntwana osandul 'ukuzalwa, kodwa nendlela yokugqiba inkqubo, ukuba wenze ntoni emva koko. Eyona ndlela ikhethekileyo - hlambulula ngamanzi ahlambulukileyo, ungcinise ithawula kwaye uyigqoke, ukondla isifuba somama okanye umxube uze ubeke embhedeni. Kwiimeko ezininzi, iintsana zilala ngokukhawuleza. Ukuba umntwana uyakhala emva kokuhlamba , ngexesha elizayo kufuneka uzame ukutshintsha into kwinkqubo: ixesha lokusebenzisa (umzekelo, iyure enye emva kokutya), ukushisa kwamanzi (ukufudumala kancane), isikhundla somntwana emanzini. Ukusebenzisa indlela yokulinga, unokuthatha oko umntwana uya kukwenza.
Xa ungeke uhlambe umntwana?
Ukuhlamba iintsana kwindawo yokuhlamba kunye nebhabha enkulu kufuneka kuhlehliswe kwiimeko ezinjalo:
- ngomhla wokugonya ;
- nezifo ezihamba kunye nomkhuhlane;
- Omncinci ukhathele kakhulu kwaye angenangqondo.