Iinqununu ziyimithi ye-psychotropic esetyenziswa ekuphatheni izifo ezininzi. Kwaye asetyenziswanga kuphela kwizifo zengqondo, kodwa nakwi-oncology, i-neurology, ukuhlinzwa, i-dermatology, i-gynecology, i-narcology, njl njl. Ezi zixhobo zinamanyathelo alandelayo:
- u kuthanda;
- hypnotics;
- imisipha ephumayo;
- anticonbulsant;
- ukuxhalabisa.
Ngokuchaphazela umzimba womntu (ngokukodwa inkqubo ye-nervous central), ezi nkunkuma zinceda ekunciphiseni ukuxhatshazwa ngokomzwelo, ukunciphisa ukuxhalaba, ukucaphuka, ukuphelisa ukwesaba nokungazinzi, ukunciphisa ukukhathazeka kwengqondo, njl njl. Kukho iintlobo zeentlobo zengqondo zoluleko, elowo lubonakaliswe ngokukhawuleza kwezenzo, ubunzulu beepropati kunye nomlinganiselo weziphumo eziveliswe. Oku kuqwalaselwa xa ukhetha isigulo kwisigulane esithile. Kuza kube yimhla, uluhlu lwabantu abanelisekile lunamayeza angaphezu kwekhulu.
Ukwahlula kwezentlalo zentlalo
Kukho izizukulwana ezintathu zamachiza kweli qela:
1. Iingxowa-zincwadi zesizukulwana sokuqala:
- Meprobamate;
- Hydroxysine;
- Benaktizine, njl
2. Ukuphucula izizukulwana zesibini-ukulungiselela amacandelo e-benzodiazepine.
3. Iintanethi:
- Buspirone;
- Oxymethylethylpyridine succinate;
- Etiofoxin et al.
Ezona zixhaphakileyo izidakamizwa zezizukulwana zesibini - i-benzodiazepines, ezahlula ngamaqela amathathu ngokwemiphumo ethile yeklinikhi:
1. I-Benzodiazepines enefuthe elichasayo lokuxhalabisa. Amanxilongo anamandla kwiluhlu lwamachiza ale qela:
- Phenazepam ;
- Diazepam;
- Lorazepam;
- Alprazolam et al.
Impembelelo echanekileyo ikhutshwa yilezi zi yobisi njenge:
- Gidazepam;
- Chlordiazepoxide;
- Bromazepam;
- Clobazam;
- Oxazepam, njl
2. I-Benzodiazepines eneempembelelo ezichongiweyo. Ukulungiswa kweli qela kusetyenziswa ngokubanzi njenge-hypnotics. Olu luhlu lubandakanya:
- Temazepam;
- Triazolam;
- Nitrazepam;
- Flurazepam;
- Flunitrazepam;
- IMidazolam;
- Estazolam nabanye.
3. I-Benzodiazepines ene-antiticonbulsant action. Impembelelo enkulu ye-anticonbulsant inikezelwa ngolu hlobo:
- Clonazepam;
- Diazepam.
I-tranquilizer ye-lighter eluhlu lwale qela yi-Nitrazepam.
Iingqungquthela zesizukulwana esitsha
Kuluhlu lwamachiza, i-tranquilizers yesizukulwana esitsha, i-buspirone ihlala kwindawo ekhethekileyo, ebonwa yodwa kwi-neuropharmacology. Eli phephelo lisebenza kakuhle kunyango lweemeko ezixubileyo, ukuphazamiseka kwesifo , njl njl Ngokungafani neziyobisi ze-benzodiazepine, i-Buspirone ayivelisi umonakalo owenzayo, umphumo ongezantsi kwimisebenzi yengqondo, ayibangeli ukutshabalala, ukuxhomekeka kweziyobisi kunye neempawu zokuyeka.
I-tranquilizer esebenzayo kwaye ethembisayo yesizukulwana esitsha nayo i-Etytofoxine. Ingenanto ebalulekileyo yezinto ezingenakulungelelaniso ze-benzodiazepines kwaye inefuthe elikhethiweyo emzimbeni.
Uludwe lwezinto ezixhasayo zemihla ngemihla
Kwinqanaba elincinane leqela, i-tranquilizers yemini ikhethwe, equka iziyobisi ezinomthelela omkhulu wokuxhalabisa kunye neendlela ezincinci zokuzondla, i-hypnotic, kunye ne-muscle properties. Ezi zimali ziqeshwe
- Trioxazine;
- Tofizopam;
- Gidazepam;
- Prazepam;
- Mebicar;
- Trimetozine;
- Fenibut nabanye.