Iibhakteria ze-Aerobic ziimpawu ezincinci ezifuna i-oksijeni yamahhala ebomini obuqhelekileyo. Ngokungafani ne-anaerobes yonke, bathatha inxaxheba kwinkqubo yokuvelisa amandla abayidingayo ukuze bavelise. Ezi bhaktheriya azikho i-nucleus ekhankanywe. Banda ngokugqithisa okanye ukwahlula kunye nokwenza izinto ezinobuthi ezinobuncitshiswa obungapheli ngexesha le-oxidation.
Izixhobo ze-aerobics
Abaninzi abantu bayazi ukuba ibhaktheriya ye-aerobic (ngeendlela ezilula, i-aerobes) yimizimba enokuhlala emhlabeni, emoyeni nasemanzini. Benza inxaxheba ekuhambeni kwezinto kwaye banayo i-enzymes ekhethekileyo eqinisekisa ukubola kwabo (umzekelo, i-catalase, i-superoxide dismutase nabanye). Ukuphefumlelwa kwale bhaktiriya kwenziwa nge-oxidation ngqo ye-methan, i-hydrogen, i-nitrogen, i-hydrogen sulfide, isinyithi. Ziyakwazi ukuhlala kwiindawo ezininzi kwiinkcenkceshe zincinci ye-0.1-20 atm.
Ukuhlakulela i-aerobic gram-negative ne-gram-positive bacteria ayifuni kuphela ukusetyenziswa komgangatho ofanelekileyo wezondlo, kodwa kunye nokulawula okwaneleyo kwimoya ye-oksijini kunye nokugcinwa kwamaqondo okushisa aphezulu. Kulo ncinane iilwanyana ezincinci zeli qela kukho ubuncinci kunye nenani eliphezulu lokuxinwa kwe-oksijini kwimeko engqongileyo, kuyimfuneko ukuveliswa kwayo ngokuqhelekileyo nophuhliso. Ngoko ke, kokunciphisa nokunyuka komxholo we-oksijini ngaphaya kwe "ubuninzi" kubangela ukupheliswa komsebenzi obalulekileyo wale micimbi. Zonke iibhakteria ze-aerobic ziyafa kwi-concentration ye-oksijeni ye-40 ukuya kuma-50%.
Iindidi zebhakteria ze-aerobic
Ngokwezinga lokuxhomekeke kwi-oksijeni yamahhala, zonke iibhaktheriya ze-aerobic zihlukaniswe ngezi ntlobo:
1. I- aerobes enyanzelekileyo "ayinasimo" okanye i-aerobes "engqongqo" engahlakulela kuphela xa kukho uxinzelelo oluphezulu lwe-oksijini emoyeni, kuba ifumana amandla ukusuka ekuthathweni kwe-oxidative kunye nxaxheba kwayo. Ezi ziquka:
- ezinye iintlobo ze-pseudomonads;
- ezininzi i-saprophytes;
- idiphtheria;
- ikholera vibrio;
- bacillus tubercle;
- i-agent engabangela i- tularemia .
2. I- aerobes ekhethiweyo yinkwenkwezi ezincinci eziphuhliswayo kumanqanaba aphantsi kakhulu oksijini. Eli qela liquka:
- imbongolo yesonka;
- ezininzi ze-pathogenic microbes ( meningococci , gonococci).
Xa bengena kwiimeko zangaphandle eziqhelekileyo, iibhaktheriya ezinjalo ziphantse zife, ngenxa yokuba i-oksijini eninzi inefuthe elibi kuma-enzyme.