Iimidlalo zamathambo zanamhlanje zifakwe kwinkqubo yeeMidlalo yeOlimpiki kwaye ngexesha lethu liyaqhubeka nokuphuhlisa. Uhlala kwinqanaba lomdlali kwiqhwa eliqhekeza esiqhankeni. Into ephambili kumdlalo yijubane lokukhwela, ophumeleleyo nguye okhawuleza.
Yintoni i-skeleton kwimidlalo?
Ukukhuphisana kwamagosa okusemthethweni kuye kwabanjwa kungekudala. AmaNdiya aseMntla yaseMntla ephakathi kwekhulu leshumi elinesithoba avula iindawo eziyingozi kwiAlps. Ukuqhubela phambili kwezemidlalo kwakha oku:
- Ngo-1892 - wazama amathambo ama-squelet on the bobsled.
- 1913 - ukuvela kobudlelwane bamasipha kumazwe ngamazwe.
- 1928 - ukhuphiswano lokuqala losemthethweni kwiMidlalo yeOlimpiki.
- 1968 - ukuvulwa kwendlela yokuqala yokufakelwa.
- Ngowe-1982 - ubungqina bokuqala behlabathi kwaye emva koko emva kwakhe kufakwe uluhlu lweemidlalo zakwa-Olimpiki.
Kukholelwa ukuba i-skeleton yinto yemidlalo eyingozi. Ukukhawuleza ukuya kwijubane eliphezulu ngezinye izikhathi kukhokelela kwimiphumo emibi. Ngako oko, iindlela ezizodwa ngendlela yokwakheka komhlaba zenzelwe ukwenza kube nzima kunomdlali ukuba aguqulwe. Ubunzima bama-skiers akufanele kudlule le miqathango:
- amadoda - 115 kg;
- abafazi - 92 kg.
Abadlali bebhola banokwandisa isisindo ngoncedo lwe-ballasts, kodwa abanye bakholelwa ukuba baphazamisa ukukhwela ngokukhululekile. Umntu olahlayo kufuneka athathe ngokukhawuleza isantya esingaphezu kwe-100 km / h, kwaye ukungafani okomeleleyo kuthinte umphumo wezenzo. Kwisiqingatha sokuqala somkhondo umgijimi ufumana isivinini, ixesha lonke lizama ukulondoloza nokugcina imali. Uloyiso lunikezelwa ngesiseko seentlanga ezininzi zeenombolo ezingaqhelekanga.
I-Skeleton ne-bobsled - umahluko
Iindidi ezimbini ezahlukileyo zezemidlalo kunye neenthambo zifana nalezi zinto zilandelayo: zilawulwa yintlangano enye kwaye ilandelwe enye ithrekhi. Iimfundiso ze-Olimpiki zifana nesitayela, abagijimi bekhwele i-sleigh, ngaphandle koko bahluke kakhulu. Umdlalo wesifo sineempawu zawo.
- Ukuqulunqwa kwe-sleigh kubonakala njenge-skeleton, ngoko ke igama. Isitrafti esicatyiweyo sihlanganiswe kwiipatatshi ezimbini, ezityhila nge-chute.
- Umdlali, emva kokusabalalisa, ulala phantsi kwi-sleeper kwaye ubambelele kwi-handles, ukulawula umzimba kunye nemilenze.
- Kukhuphiswano, amadoda namabhinqa ahlulwe. Iintlanganiso ziqhuba iintlanga ezimbini ngolunye usuku kunye ezine kwiibini.
UBobsleigh wabonakala kwangaphambili kwaye waqala uluhlu lweMidlalo yeOlimpiki kuqala. Igama labo bafumene ngokubonakala kweemfestile, benesimo sebhontshisi. Unayo imigaqo yakhe, engafani ncamnye namasipha.
- Umgqomo ukhangeleka njenge-oval oval, ephakamileyo kwi-chassis. Zinezihlalo ezizodwa kubasebenzi, apho baxhamla khona ngokulingana nokukhawuleza. Ulawulo luqhutywa ngephambili ye-axle.
- Kukhuphiswano, ngaba isibini okanye abantu abane bathatha inxaxheba.
- Ukhuphiswano ngalunye lubonisa iintlanga ezine, kwaye elo qela lilonke liya kuzuza ixesha elingaphantsi.
Uthini umahluko phakathi kokubambisana kunye namathambo?
Imidlalo yasebusika esebenzayo, njenge-skeleton kunye ne-luge nayo inezinto ezahlukeneyo. Imithetho ye-Skeleton yavezwa ngasentla, kodwa i-sledding nayo ineempawu zayo.
- Abadlali bebhola bawela kwi-sleigh kunye neenyawo zabo phambili.
- Iingxowa zenziwe ngolu hlobo lombhede, ezinezakhelo ezikhethekileyo ukuze abagijimi bakwazi ukugcina nokulawula.
- Ukuhla, umgijimi akayiboni apho uya khona kwaye utshintshe umkhondo ngokunceda umzimba wakhe.
Imithetho yokhuphiswano yile ndlela ilandelayo:
- yindoda;
- ibhinqa;
- zidibeneyo;
- myalelo.
Ziziphi iincutshu kumasipha?
Iingxowa yimbonakalo ebaluleke kakhulu yale midlalo. Zenziwe nje ngokungangoko kunokwenzeka xa kuthelekiswa nabalingani babo ukusuka kwi-biathlon okanye i-bobsled. Isakhelo esisigxina esenziwe ngeplastiki okanye ukhuni lubala kwaye asidluli iikhilogram ezingama-22. Izidingo ezisemthethweni:
- ubude ukusuka kwi-80 ukuya kwi-120 cm;
- ubunzima bomthwalo ngamadoda angaphezu kwama-43 kg;
- kubafazi - 35 kg;
- ubukhulu phakathi kwabagijimi buvela kwi-34 ukuya kuma-38 cm.
Imodeli nganye ikhethwe ngabanye kwiintlobo ezahlukeneyo zabantu. Ukuthungelwa kwamasipha akulula izixhobo zemidlalo, kunye nokuqhubeka kwezixhobo, kuba nangenxa yemincintiswano engabalulekanga kakhulu umqhubi akayi kuhamba nabanye abantu. Ubungakanani bawo bufanele ngokuhambelana nokuphakama komntu, kwaye isibambo sisona sikhundla esilungileyo. Kuba amadoda ayacetyiswa ukuba athathe okukhethwa kukho okulula, ukuze kube lula xa ugibela.
Ukulawulwa kwamathambo
Izixhobo eziqhelekileyo zamathambo azithethi ukuhamba. Iingxowa zitshintshe ngokupheleleyo kwaye umdlali ufanele utshintshe umzila ngokuncediswa kweendlela ezicwangcisiweyo. Unokwenza oku ngeendlela eziliqela, into ephambili ukuhambisa ngokufanelekileyo umzimba wesisindo:
- emithambeka yomzimba;
- iinzwane zezihlangu;
- izandla.
Ukukhawuleza emathambo
Umncintiswano ngamnye ufuna ukubetha irekhodi lika-Alexander Tretyakov, owakhawuleza kwi-146.4 km / h. Ijubane eliqhelekileyo le-skeleton ngoku malunga ne-110 km / h, kodwa abo benzayo kwihlabathi kunye ne-Olimpiki phantse banqabile. Akukho mda kufezeko kwaye amawaka abantu bezemidlalo bazama ukuthatha uAlexandri kwaye ngeli thuba ukuncintisana kobunzima kunye neendlela zokuqeqesha zilungiselelwe.
Impahla yamathambo
Impahla yalo mdlalo ayifani kakhulu. Imigaqo yokufunyanwa kwayo ayizange isungulwe, ngoko umdlali ukhetha oko kulungele kwaye kukhuselekile kuye.
- Iingubo yinto ephezulu yokutshisa i-aerodynamic coverall evuselela kakuhle, kodwa ayinanto yokunyaniseka.
- Izicathulo ezikhethekileyo zamathambo zizinzima kwaye zihlala zihlala zihlala zihlala zihlala zihlala zihlala zihlala zizinzi. Inemipiksi yokutshintshela ukujika kunye nokuqhekeka.
- Isigqoko sesigqoko se-skeleton, esinokukhuselwa kwintsana ekhethekileyo.