I-WHO yanikezela inkcazo ecacileyo ye-HPV kubasetyhini-oko kukuthi, zeziphi iimpawu kunye nezizathu ezivusa ingxaki. Ngokwezibalo, ngaphezu kwama-60% abantu abasemhlabeni banesifo sengculaza. Abanye banokuthi babe ngabathwali, ngelixa kwabanye, ulwasulelo lubonakalisa ngokwendlela yokwenza izinto ezincinci.
Yintoni i-HPV?
Izifo ezithintekayo, eziqhelekileyo phakathi kwabantu abaneminyaka ehlukeneyo, kuthiwa yi-papillomavirus yabantu. Ukuchaza ukuba yi-HPV kwabasetyhini, kuyafaneleka ukubonisa ukuba eli yigama eliqhelekileyo lenani elikhulu leentsholongwane ezinokubangela ukuphuhliswa kwamathambo amaninzi emzimbeni. Sekude ixesha loogqirha lisebenzela ekuphuhliseni isitofu sokugonya intsholongwane, kodwa kwangoku akunakwenzeka ukwenza njalo. Iingcali zenzululwazi ziye zafumanisa iindlela zokuxilongwa ukuba zinqume intsholongwane emzimbeni kwaye zize zenze isitofu sokukhusela isifo.
Iintlobo ze-HPV kubasetyhini
Kukho inani elikhulu leentsholongwane kwaye kukho abangaphezu kwama-70. Ukuqonda i-HPV kubasetyhini-oko kukuthi, kubalulekile ukukhomba oku kulandelayo:
- I-HPV, apho kubonakala khona iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zeempi .
- Uhlobo lwe-HPV ku-16 lwabasetyhini luchaphazela izitho zangasese kunye nephepha lokuphefumula. Oku kuquka ezinye iintlobo: 6,11, 13, 18, 31, 33 no-35.
- Iintsholongwane, zibonakaliswe ngoluhlobo lweemvumba, kwaye zidibene neemeko ezinqabileyo.
Yintoni eyingozi kwi-HPV?
Enyanisweni, kwincinci kwaye iphephile ekuqalekeni, i-papilloma yingozi enkulu. Ukukhula okutsha okubangelwa yintsholongwane yintsholongwane. Intsholongwane yesifo se-papilloma kubasetyhini inengozi kuba ezinye iintlobo zinokuthi zihlaziye zibe yinto enokutsha. Ukutshintshwa okunjalo kunokucatshulwa ngumonakalo ngokomzimba kunye neenkqubo ezivuthayo.
I-Papillomavirus yabasetyhini - ibangela
Kwimigangatho yokuqala yokuphulukiswa kwesi sifo ingaba kwifom evulekileyo, iphelela kwiinyanga ezi-2-3. I-papillomavirus yabantu ingabangelwa yizinto ezinjalo:
- kuncitshiswa kweemeko kunye neemeko ezinzima;
- ubukho bemikhwa emibi;
- Ubomi bokuqala besini kunye nokudibanisa ngokungahambiyo ngaphandle kokukhuselwa;
- ubukho besifo socansi ;
- khulelwa;
- I-influenza ehlala ixesha elide kunye nezifo zesisu.
Ipapillomavirus yomntu ihanjiswa njani?
Usulelo oludluliselwayo luhanjiswa ngokusebenzisana nabantu abane-HIV okanye izilwanyana apho kukho impawu zekliniki okanye zingekho. Ukufumanisa indlela i-papillomavirus echithwa ngayo, kubalulekile ukuba siqaphele ukuba ngokuqhelekileyo kungena emzimbeni ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo zesikhumba okanye ngexesha lokuphuza.
- Ngokwezibalo, usulelo luvame ukuvela kwiindawo ezininzi zabantu, apho umoya unomanzi kakhulu, umzekelo, kumachibi okubhukuda kunye namabhafu.
- Ukuchaza oko kukuthi - i-HPV kwabasetyhini, kuyafaneleka ukuphawula ukuba ukusuleleka kunokwenzeka ngoqhagamshelwano lwezesondo kunye nomphathiswa, kwaye oku kusebenza kumnxibelelwano wesintu kunye nomlomo. Olunye usuleleko lunokudluliselwa ngexesha lokubeletha.
I-papillomavirus yabantu besetyhini - iimpawu
Uvavanyo oluninzi luye lwabonisa ukuba kubantu abaninzi, i-HPV ayibonakali nayiphi na impawu kwaye ingafumaneka ngohlalutyo olukhethekileyo. I-virus ye-papilloma ye-Human, impawu zazo ziphawulwe kuphela kwinani elincinci labantu kwaye emva kwexesha elifutshane, lihamba kunye neembonakalo zentsholongwane. Banobukhulu obuncinci, obomvana okanye obunqamle bombala kunye nobunzima obuncinane. Zivame ukuba zenziwe ngokufuphi kwimizimba yezitho zangasese. Kubalulekile ukuba kuqaphele ukuba malunga nama-20% amatyala azinyanyeka kwiinyanga ezimbalwa.
HPV - Ukuchonga
Iimfazwe kunye neemfazwe zifumaneka ngokubonakalayo xa zijongwa. Ukuqinisekisa ubukho be-HPV kwaye unqume uhlobo lwalo, indlela ye-PCR kunye "nokubanjwa kwe-hybrid" kusetyenziswa ukuxilongwa. Ukuba kukho i-papillomavirus yomntu kubasetyhini, kwi-gynecology yeengxaki ezinokumangalisa, kukho uphando olongezelelweyo:
- I-Colposcopy ibandakanya ukufundwa komlomo wesibeleko ukucacisa utshintsho oluthile. Uninzi lweemvavanyo zokuxilongwa zenziwa ngeli phofu.
- I-biopsy yeendawo ezichaphazelekayo inceda ukucacisa ubukho beethambo ezimbi.
- Ukuqonda oko kukuthi - i-HPV yabasetyhini kunye nendlela yokuxilonga ingxaki enjalo, kubalulekile ukukhankanya isifundo se-cytological esenziwa kuwo onke amabhinqa, nangona kungabikho utshintsho olubonakalayo kwintsholongwane.
Uhlalutyo lwe-HPV - njengoko kuthathwa kubafazi?
Ugqirha uqhuba amanani amanyathelo okuhlola, oko kubandakanya ukuhlolwa kobuchopho be-gynecological ukucacisa ubukho beemfazwe kunye neengxabano zomzimba. Uhlalutyo lwegciwane le-papilloma yabantu luquka i-smear ye-cytological, apho ukutshitshiswa kwe-cervix, kuthathwa kwi-mucosa kunye nomsele wentsholongwane. Ndiyabulela kule ndlela, kunokwenzeka ukufumana ubukho bomhlaza ekuqaleni. Ukuqonda ukuba ngaba i-papillomavirus yabasetyhini, oogqirha basebenzisa i-colposcopy, i-biopsy kunye ne-polymerase chain reaction enganceda ukucacisa iDNA yegciwane.
I-papillomavirus yabantu besetyhini - unyango
Ukufezekisa iziphumo ezilungileyo, uphando olubanzi luqhutywa. Ugqirha ugunyazisa izidakamizwa ezifanelekileyo kwaye wenza ukususwa kweepillomas ezikhoyo. Ukufumanisa indlela yokunyanga ipapillomavirus, kufuneka uchaze ukuba basebenzisa i-nitrojeni yamanzi kunye nelaser lale nto. I-Cauterization kunye nokusetyenziswa kwamachiza akhethekileyo kuyasebenza. Ngohlobo olubalulekileyo, ukususwa kokutyalwa kwenziwa.
Ukukhethwa kwendlela yokususa kwenziwa, emva kokuvavanya kunye nokubala kweenani lokukhula, indawo kunye nobuxininiso bokubekwa kwazo. Ukuba i-papillomavirus yomntu ifunyenwe, unyango lwamazinga okukhula luqhutyelwa ngokusebenza nge-anesthesia, umzekelo, ukuba izilonda ezininzi ziyafumaneka kwi-pubis. Ukuba indawo echaphazelekayo yincinci, i-cauterization kunye nokuchaswa kwelaser kusetyenziswa. Kukho imeko xa emva kokususwa kwe-papilloma kuvela kwakhona, ngoko kuqhutyelwa i-moxibustion.
Ukunyangwa kwe-HPV kubasetyhini - iziyobisi
Ukuphelisa ngokupheleleyo eso sifo kubasetyhini akunakwenzeka. Ukongezelela, kubalulekile ukuphawula ukuba unyango lubiza. Kubalulekile ukugqiba ikhosi echazwe ngugqirha, ngaphandle koko ayiyi kukwazi ukuphumeza iziphumo ezilungileyo. Ukuba unomdla kwindlela yokuphatha i-HPV kwabasetyhini, ngoko kufuneka ubonise amaqela aphezulu amayeza:
- Iziyobisi ze-anti-virus zijolise ekubhubhiseni i-HPV kunye nokuphazamisa ukusasazwa kwe-HPV. Kukho iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zamachiza, kwaye ukhetho luxhomekeke kwisikolo sesifo kunye nendawo apho kubonakala khona i- condylomas . Kwii-pharmacy kukho i-anti-antial mawakala ngendlela yamathambo, ama-creams, izisombululo ezinobungozi, amaphilisi kunye nokunye (iGroprinosine, Acyclovir). Izigulane kunye neepilisi zibhekwa njengezona zifanelekileyo.
- Unyango lwe-HPV kubasetyhini uvame ukuqhutyelwa ngokusebenzisa iindlela zendawo. Emva kokususwa kohlobo, kubalulekile ukunyanga iindawo ezichaphazelekayo ngegels ekhethekileyo (Epigen-gel).
- Ukuba i-papillomavirus ifunyenwe, unyango lunokubandakanya i-suppositories engasasazeka kwi-vaginal area. Ziyakomeleza nokukhusela kwaye zikhusele ukuphuhliswa kwesifo (Panavir, Galavit). Izinga lemihla ngemihla - iiblasi ezili-1-2, inani elichanekileyo liza kugqirha ugqirha, kunikwe umyinge. Inkqubo yesicelo iintsuku eziyi-10, kodwa ngamanye amaxesha inokudluliselwa kwiintsuku eziyi-14.
- Iyeza lonyanzeliso le-papillomavirus - immunomodulator. Ezi zonyango zifunekayo ukuqinisa umzimba kwaye ziqeshe oogqirha kuphela (uCordyceps, Derinat).
Ukugonywa malunga nepapillomavirus yabantu
Amayeza avelisa ezimbini iintlobo zeigonti ezikhusela i-HPV 16 ne-18 (iCervarix, Gardasil). Iingcali zenzululwazi ziye zabonisa ukuba igciwane le-HPV kwabasetyhini lala ma-genotype yinto echaphazela umdlavuza. Iigonti zikhuselekile kwii-genotypes ze-HPV. Isitofu sokugonywa sinikezelwa kumantombazana ngaphambi kokungena kwizesondo zesini. Ngokweziphakamiso ze-WHO, ugonyo luyenziwa ngokufanelekileyo xa uneminyaka engama-9-13. Ukuzikhusela ekuphuhliseni umdlavuza wesibeleko, isetyenziswe ngamantombazana ahlala ngesondo. Iisilisi ezintathu zisetyenzisiweyo, ezenziwa ngexesha eli-1, 2 ne-6.