Namhlanje igama elithi "i-cholesterol" lingafumaneka kwiiprogram zethelevishini ezizinikezelwe kwimpilo, zombini kwiimveliso zentengiso kunye nendlela yobhaliso kwiipakethe zeemveliso: "Azinalo i-cholesterol." Kukho ulwazi oluninzi malunga nemiphumo emibi ye-cholesterol engaphezulu: kwi-atherosclerosis, kwi-myocardial infarction, kwi-gangrene endle, nakwi-heart attack.
Nangona kunjalo, i-cholesterol iqulethwe kwigazi lezilwanyana, kubandakanywa nabantu, kwaye umntu akanako ukuqondisa ukulwa ne-cholesterol ukulungelelanisa impilo ngendlela enye - ukunciphisa ubuninzi bayo. AmaGrike asendulo ayelungile xa kwiingxoxo zabo zefilosofi bazimisela ukuba intetho yegolide ibalulekile kuyo yonke into. Enyanisweni, njengoko kubonisa ukubonisa, i-cholesterol ephantsi iyingozi kwimpilo kunye nokugqithiswa. Masiqwalasele ngokuthe ngqo kwesi sihloko kwaye sinqume izinga lezinto, fumana ukuba kutheni sifuna kwaye siqwalasele oko kuthintela inqanaba layo.
Yintoni i-cholesterol kwaye kutheni ifuna umntu?
Isiqhelo se-cholesterol egazini lomntu siqinisekisa umsebenzi oqhelekileyo weeseli. Inyaniso kukuba i-cholesterol isiseko seembrane zeseli, ngoko ke, ukuba umxholo wayo uyancipha, ngoko "izinto zokwakha" ziya kuba buthathaka kwaye iiseli aziyi kusebenza kakuhle, ngokukhawuleza ukuphula. Isisele asikwazi ukwahlukana ngaphandle kwe-cholesterol, ngoko ekungabikho kwayo, ukukhula akunakwenzeka, oku kuthetha ukuba kubalulekile kubantwana ngokukodwa. Umzimba womntu ngokwawo uvelisa i-cholesterol kwisibindi (iyakwazi ukuhlanganisa zonke iiseli ngaphandle kweeseli ezibomvu zegazi, kodwa xa kuthelekiswa nesibindi, zinika inani elincinci le nkunkuma), kwaye ibuye ithathe inxaxheba ekubunjweni kwe-bile.
I-cholesterol inceda kwakhona i-adrenal glands ukudala i-hormone ye-steroid kwaye ibandakanyeka ekwakheni i-vitamin D3, evumela ukuba izicubu zethambo zibe namandla.
Ukunikezelwa ngale ngcaciso, kuphakama umbuzo oqiqayo: kutheni amazinga e-cholesterol aphantsi?
Kodwa apha kuvela ukuba yonke into iyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu, kuba ubuninzi beli bangela kubangela ukuguga: iqokelela kwiimbumba zeeseli, zihlala kwiinqanawa kunye neefom yeefake eziphazamisa ukutshintshwa kwe-oksijeni, ngoko ke umzimba wonke uhlupheka. Ngoko ke, akudingeki ukuba ulwe ne-cholesterol, kufuneka ilawulwe.
Uvavanyo lwegazi lwe-cholesterol kunye neempawu eziqhelekileyo
Ukubeka iliso kwinqanaba le-cholesterol, kufuneka uhlawule ngegazi ukuhlalutya okuza kubonisa iziqulatho zeefom ezahlukeneyo:
- i-cholesterol epheleleyo;
- I-cholesterol ye-HDL (ipoprotein ephezulu);
- I-LDL-cholesterol (i-low-density lipoprotein);
- triglycerides.
Namhlanje, kukho uluvo lokuba ezinye iintlobo ze-cholesterol zingozi, kanti ezinye zi luncedo. Xa ichaza isiqhelo (ngaphezulu), esi sikhundla siya kuthathelwa ingqalelo.
Yintoni eqhelekileyo ye-cholesterol egazini kunye neyunithi yokulinganisa i-mol / l?
Kwezinye iilabhoratri, i-cholesterol iyalinganiswa kwiiyunithi ze mmol / L. Ukunikela kwangaphambili kwegazi akukwazi ukuba malunga neeyure ezingama-6 ukuya ku-8 kwaye uzithintele ngokuzivocavoca umzimba, tk. oku kunokuchaphazela izinga layo.
- Ukuba unayo i-cholesterol epheleleyo egazini ukusuka ku-3.1 ukuya kwi-6.4 mmol / l, oku kuyinto eqhelekileyo, kwaye ukukhathazeka akukho sizathu.
- Isimiselo esivumelekileyo se-LDL cholesterol egazini - kubafazi besuka kwi-1.92 ukuya ku-4.51 mmol / l, kunye ne-sex-stronger-kusuka ku-2.25 ukuya kwi-4.82 mmol / l. Kukholelwa ukuba le yile "yingozi" ye-cholesterol, eyingozi kwimpilo, ngenxa yokuba luyifake iiplanga kwiinqanawa.
- I-cholesterol ye-HDL kumadoda iyinto eqhelekileyo, ukuba iqulethwe kwibanga ukusuka kwi-0.7 ukuya kwi-1.73 mmol / l, kunye nesimo esiqhelekileyo sale cholesterol kubasetyhini ivela kwi-0.86 ukuya kwi-2.28 mmol / l. Le yinto ebizwa ngokuba "yiluncedo" ye-cholesterol, nangona kunjalo, i-lower down it, ilungile.
- Kufuneka kwakhona kuthathelwe ingqalelo ukuba abanye oogqirha banoluvo lokuba kwiminyaka eyahlukeneyo kukho imvelaphi ye-cholesterol kunye noshukela egazini, kodwa bayavuma ukuba kungcono ukuzama umgangatho oqhelekileyo wezinto eziphilayo. Ngoko ke, ukuba kwi-laboratory iimpawu zeempawu zolu hlobo zichazwe, kuyinqweneleka ukujongana namagqirha amaninzi ngenjongo yokuchaza umfanekiso othembekileyo wempilo.
Yintoni eqhelekileyo ye-cholesterol egazini eneyunithi yemig / dl?
- I-cholesterol epheleleyo kule nkqubo yokulinganisa iyinto eqhelekileyo, ukuba isibalo asikho ngaphezu kwe-200 mg / dl, kodwa inani elivumelekileyo elingu-240 mg / dl.
- I-HDL kufuneka ibe ne-35 mg / dl ubuncinane.
- I-LDL - ayikho ngaphaya kwe-100 mg / dl (kumntu onesifo senhliziyo) kwaye engabi ngaphezu kwama-130 mg / ml (kubantu abaphilileyo).
Ukuba isibalo sinyuka ukusuka ku-130 ukuya kwi-160 mg / dl, ithetha ukuba izinga le-cholesterol liphezulu kumgangatho ovumelekileyo kwaye kufuneka lilungiswe ngokutya. - I-Triglycerides iyinto evamile ukuba iqulethwe kwigazi ukuya kwi-200 mg / dL, kwaye ixabiso elivumelekileyo eli lilapha liya kusuka kwi-200 ukuya ku-400 mg / dl.
Ingakanani, kunye nokuba ingaqhelekileyo ye-cholesterol egazini, iya kuxela umlinganiselo we-LDL kunye ne-HDL: ukuba owokuqala ungaphantsi kweyesibini, ngoko oku kulungelelanisa (oku kwenziwa ukuhlola umngcipheko wesifo se-vascular).