Okwangoku, uhlobo lwezinto ezingafaniyo zofuzo alukaqondi ngokupheleleyo. Uninzi lwabo lungabonwa kwangaphambili. Ngako oko, ukwenzela ukuba ungabandakanyi i-pathologies yezofuzo kunye nokuhanjiswa kwabo, ukuhlaziywa kwemfuza kuyenziwa.
Ngubani ofuna ukubonisana ngohlobo lwe-genetics xa ecwangcisa ukukhulelwa?
Ukuzola ngethuba lokukhulelwa kwexesha elizayo, ukuphuhliswa ngokuqhelekileyo komntwana kunye nomntwana wengane engakazalwa, kulunge ukuba uhlalutyo lwezesifo nangona uceba ukukhulelwa, ngakumbi ukuba:
- umfazi akakwazi ukukhulelwa, okanye ukuzala umntwana. Ukubonisana nomfuzo kunye nokuqhuba iimvavanyo ezifunekayo xa uceba ukukhulelwa kuya kunceda ukuqonda izizathu zolu meko. Ngenxa yoko, ukuhlolwa kwegazi kuthathwa kwindoda kunye nomfazi, kwaye iisethi zabo ze-chromosome ziyahlolwa;
- ibhinqa eliye lagqiba ukuzala umntwana lingaphezulu kweminyaka engama-35 ubudala, kwaye uyise wengane ezayo uneminyaka engaphezu kwama-40 ubudala (abadala abazali, ophezulu umngcipheko wokuguqulwa kwamagciwane);
- kukho izifo zofuzo kwizihlobo;
- Abazali baya kubahlobo;
- Umntwana wokuqala unentsholongwane yokuzala.
Uhlalutyo lwe-Genetic kwiCwangciso loKhulelwa
I-geneticist xa ucwangcisa ukukhulelwa kuqala ukuba uqhelane nomthi wentsapho, ifumanisa ukuba inokuba yingozi kwizinto ezizayo zabantwana ezihlobene nezifo zabazali bakhe, iziyobisi ezithathayo, iimeko zokuphila, iimpawu zobungcali.
Emva koko, ukuba kuyimfuneko, i-geneticist ingamisela uhlalutyo olongezelelweyo lwemfuza ngaphambi kokuba ukhulelwe. Oku kunokuhlolwa kweeklinikhi jikelele, kubandakanywa: iimvavanyo zegazi kwi-biochemistry, ukubonisana kwe-neurologist, i-psychologist, i-endocrinologist. Okanye iimvavanyo ezizodwa zemfuza zendalo ezihambelana nophando lwekaryotype - umgangatho kunye nobungakanani bama-chromosomes endoda kunye nomfazi ekucwangciseni ukukhulelwa-kunokuqhutywa. Kwimeko yemitshato phakathi kweentsapho zegazi, ukungabikho komntwana okanye ukukhulelwa komzimba, ukunyathelwa kwe-HLA kwenziwa.
Emva kokuhlaziywa kwemfuza, ukuhlaziywa kweminye imiba, iziphumo zohlalutyo lwe-genetic zenza umngcipheko wezifo zelifa kumntwana ozayo. Inqanaba lomngcipheko elingaphantsi kwe-10% lubonisa ukuba kungenzeka umntwana ophilileyo. Inqanaba lomngcipheko kwi-10-20% - kunokwenzeka ukuzalwa komntwana ophilileyo kunye nomntwana ogulayo. Kule meko, kuya kubakho kamva kuyimfuneko ukwenza uhlalutyo lwemfuza yomfazi okhulelweyo. Umngcipheko ophezulu wokungaqhelekanga ngokwemizimba yeso sizathu sokuba isibini sibale ukukhulelwa okanye sisebenzise umniki wesilisa okanye iqanda. Kodwa nangamazinga aphakamileyo aphezulu kunye namathuba omngcipheko, kukho ithuba lokuba umntwana uzalelwe enempilo.
I-Genetics yabasetyhini abakhulelweyo yenziwa xa umfazi ekhulelwe ngethuba lokukhulelwa:
- i-influenza, inkukhu, i-ARVI, i-herpes, i-hepatitis kunye nezinye izifo;
- X-ray okanye i-fluorography;
- wathabatha iziyobisi;
- Ukuhamba, ukuphonsa intaba okanye ukudilika, neminye imisebenzi eyingozi;
- ngokunjalo neziphumo zeemvavanyo kwi-biochemistry;
- kwiimeko ezinzima kwiintsholongwane ze-intrauterine .