Le nyuziyamu iyaziwa kubo bonke abaqinileyo bezobugcisa. Imyuziyam yasePrado eMadrid iphakathi kwezona zihanjelwe kakhulu kwihlabathi. Kukho ukuqokelelwa kwezona zinto zihamba phambili kwiReventry kunye nexesha elitsha.
Uphi iMusic Museum?
EMadrid, njengamadolophu amaninzi amaninzi, kukho idolophu endala. Kukho apho izinto eziphambili zembali zikhoyo. Endaweni apho i-Museum ye-Prado ikhona khona, yonke into ekwazi ukukholisa kuphela iqokelelwe: imisebenzi yobugcisa, imiboniso eyahlukeneyo yezinto zakudala, iingubo zamandulo kunye neemali zemali. Imyuziyam kaZwelonke yasePrado, kunye neTyssen-Boreamis Museums kunye ne-Queen Sophia Arts Centre, yakha i-Art Gallery. Indawo, iBoulevard Paseo del Prado, kwaye yanika igama layo kumyuziyam.
Imbali yeMyuziyam yasePrado
Isiseko sokuqokelela iMyuziyamu yaseMadrid yadalwa xa uKing Charles V. elawula eSpain. UKumkani wayeyixabisa ngokwenene imisebenzi kaTiti, iTintoretto, iVeronese. Kwakuye kuye ukudala ukuqokelela iqoqo ekhethekileyo. Kwixesha elizayo, ityala liqhubekile lolawulo lwama-Bourbons kunye neHabsburgs.
Ukwakhiwa kweMyuziyam yaseMadrid eMadrid yaqala phantsi kukaKumkani Charles III waseSpeyin kwiimfuno zelizwe. Nangona kunjalo, isakhiwo saqala ukusebenza kuphela phantsi kolawulo lukaCharles VII, owathi waguqula isakhiwo kwiimyuziyamu yokupenda kunye nekiso. NgoNovemba ka-1819, kwavulwa ukuvulwa okukhulu kwemyuziyam, eyayiyilwe njengokuba kubonakaliswe ubuncwane bokuqokelela indlu yasebukhosini yaseSpain. Ngelo xesha lokuvula, kwakukho imizobo engama-311. Kwakuloo nto i-museum yafumana igama layo.
Ngethuba lokuhlala kwalo, iimyuziyam ziye zatshintshwa ezininzi. Ngo-1826-1827, i-museum yanikwa imifanekiso yokupenda, eyayigcinwa ngaphambili kwisikolo saseSan Fernando. Ngethuba le-1836 emva kokuvalwa kwamaziko emfundo ecawa onke amaxabiso obugcisa adluliselwa kwiMyuziyam kaZwelonke, aze afudukela eMyuziyam.
Ngexesha leMfazwe yombango, yonke imidwebo esuka kwiMyuziyam yaseMaddo eMadrid yathunyelwa eSwitzerland. Ngethamsanqa, ngowe-1936 i-museum yaphinda iphinda iqale, kodwa ayikho yonke imiboniso eyabuyela ezihlalweni zazo. Ezinye zeemidwebo ziseseJeneva.
Museo del Prado eMadrid: imizobo
Ininzi ngokupheleleyo kwimyuziyam yendalo yeVelasquez neGoya. Ngokuqhelekileyo, ukuqoqwa kwepeyinti malunga ne-4,800 yokudweba. Ngoko ukuqokelela kuthathwa njengowona mkhulu kwihlabathi lonke. Kwiimyuziyam kukho imizobo ngu-El Greco, iZurbaran, uAlonso Kana, uRibera nabanye abaninzi. Imyuziyamu yavulwa ngexesha lokuphila kweGoya, kodwa imidwebo yabonakala kuyo kuphela emva kokufa kwenkosi.
Isikolo saseNtaliyane sibhekiselwe ngaphezu kweewaka zokupenda. Kwixesha elidlulileyo, bonke babesenkonzweni yobukhosi, bazaliswa ngeenkulungwane eziliqela. Uninzi lwezinto zokudweba zingezithuba zangekhulu le-XVII-XVIII. Kuphela kwimisebenzi yeTitikhi kukho imizobo engama-40. Kwakhona kule ngqokelela imisebenzi yeFra Angelico, Botticelli, Mantegna. Imisebenzi kaRafael, iVeronoz ifumaneka kwiiholo zeemyuziyam.
Udwebo lwabaculi bamaFlemish lubonisa ukuqokelela kwemisebenzi nguBosch, uJan van Eyck, uJacob Jordaens, uRubens. Ingqokelela yezinto zokudweba zikaRubens ezifunde ngokufanelekileyo iparele yeengqokelela zesikolo saseFlemish. Yonke into edalwe kwiimyuziyam iingu 90.
Phakathi kwezinye izikolo i-museum ivumela ukuba kuboniswe imiboniso yabaculi be-Great Britain, iFransi, iJamani ne-Holland. Ewe, ukuhlukahluka okunjalo kunye nokulingana, njengasesikolweni esiphambeneyo, awuyi kubona, kodwa iziboniso azikho mnandi. Phakathi kobugcisa beMyuziyam yasePrado ngumsebenzi ka-Fra Angelico - U-Annunciation, uHeronymus Bosch - IJardin yeZiqhamo zomhlaba, u-El Greco - Uhloniphekile ngesandla esifubeni sakhe, uRafael-Cardinal noRubens - Iintsika ezintathu.