Ukuthengwa kwabathengi kuthetha ukunyuswa koluntu kunye nombuso ukwenzela ukuxhasa amalungelo kunye namathuba abathengi kwiintsebenziswano nabavelisi bempahla, ababoneleli. Ingqiqo yabonakala ngasekupheleni kweminyaka yee-1960, ibe yatshintsha enye ingcamango - "ulawulo lomthengi". Olu luhlobo lweenguqu ukusuka koqoqosho lwabavelisi ukuya kuqoqosho lwabathengi.
Yintoni umthengi?
Ukuthengwa kwempahla yintlangano kuluntu onomgomo wokukhusela, ukwandisa amalungelo abasebenzisi. Le ntshukumo ibizwa ngokuba ngumsebenzisi. Umboleki ungumkhonkco obalulekileyo kwinkqubo yoqoqosho, ubudlelwane bemarike. Phakathi kovelisi weempahla, umthengi wabo wayesekho ukungavumelani ngaso sonke isikhathi, urhulumente uzame ukulawula ngokusetyenziswa kwemithetho.
Ifilosofi yabathengi
Kwifilosofi, imbono yokuxhamla umthengi iphikisana nokudala njengengcamango yobomi. Ngokomzekelo, umboleki usebenza ukuyidla, kwaye umdali usebenzela inzuzo yoluntu, ngenxa yokuzifeza , ukwaneliseka kweenjongo zokudala. Nangona umlimi udla kwakhona kwinkqubo yobomi bakhe, ukusetyenziswa akuyiyo injongo yakhe, unkulunkulu.
Kwihlabathi lamanje, kukho iinkqubo ezimbini:
- ukuhluthwa kwefilosofi yabathengi;
- ukuphuhlisa izikhokelo zokudala.
Ukuba ngaphambili umntu waziqonda ngokuthi "Ndiyimigaqo yam", ngoku uyazichukumisa ngokuthi "Ndiyinto yam". Kubathengi, kunxanelwe izinto ezininzi ezingenasidingo, umnqweno wokufumana iimpahla zamagama aziwayo. Xa udala iimpahla eziphathekayo, i-knickknacks yokuvelisa, kukho izinto ezininzi ezifunekayo, ngoko kuyimfuneko ukudala izinto eziyimfuneko. Ngenxa yoko, imboni evelisa izinto zobomi ilahlekelwa yilahleko.
Abathengi ekuthengiseni
Ukuthengwa kwabathengi kuhambelana nabemi ngenjongo yokwandisa amalungelo abathengi, ukuqinisekisa ubungakanani beempahla. Impumelelo ngqo kuxhomekeke ekubeni imveliso, intengiso, inkonzo zihlangabezana njani neemfuno zomthengi. Abathengi kunye nokubaluleka kwayo ekuthengiseni badlala indima ebalulekileyo. Kuphela ukuba umenzi ufunda ukuqonda oko kuyimfuneko kumthengi, ziziphi izinto ezinyani, iimfuno zeenkampani ziza kukhula kancinci:
- Impumelelo kwanoma yiphina ishishini liya kuxhomekeka kumthengi, nokuba ufuna ukuthenga into ethile, hlawulela.
- Inkampani kufuneka ikwazi iimfuno zabathengi ixesha elide ngaphambi kokuveliswa kwemveliso.
- Kubalulekile ukubeka iliso rhoqo, ukuhlalutya iimfuno zabathengi.
Abathengi kunye nokusingqongileyo
Ukususela kuba abantu abaninzi bezoshishino babonwa ngokuba yimbangela yeentlekele zezoqoqosho nezentlalo, kuye kwavela imimiselo emibini ebantwini: ukuxhamla umxhasi kunye nokusingqongileyo, okujoliswe ekuphuculeni imeko yendalo. Ekuphenduleni ukusingqongileyo, iinkampani ziye zavelisa iimveliso ezinobungakanani bemvelo ezivela kwizinto zokupakisha. Kwimeko yoluntu kwakukho ulwalathiso olunjalo, njengekonsyumerizatsija, olujoliswe ekuqalisweni kwezixhobo zabathengi (amacwecwe, iifowuni ze-smart) kwinkqubo yekhompyutha ye-shishini.
Ngamanye amagama, ukusetyenziswa kwempahla yinkqubo evumela abasebenzi ukuba basebenzise izixhobo zabathengi ukwenza imisebenzi yezoshishino. Ngenxa yoko, abasebenzi banelungelo lokuzimela ngokuzimela, apho, njani kunye kunye naziphi na izixhobo abaqhuba ngayo umsebenzi. Oku kulungile, kwandisa umkhiqizo wepipe kwaye kusindisa ixesha .
Abathengi - i-pros and cons
Ezi nzuzo ezilandelayo zentengo yabathengi zingahlukana:
- ukwaneliseka kwabaxhasi;
- ukwabiwa ngokulinganayo kwezibonelelo phakathi kwabantu;
- ukufikelela kwabathengi kwiinkcukacha;
- ukuthatha inxaxheba kwizigqibo zokwenza izigqibo;
- ukunciphisa intengo kumkelekile;
- ukuphuhliswa kwesicwangciso se-pan-European energy conservation.
Ukuthengwa kwempahla kunye nokuthengiswa kuyahlukana. Kodwa le ntshukumo iyakwazi ukuziqonda kuphela kuluntu apho abantu banomdla kwizinto abazithengayo kwaye bazimisele ukuzikhusela kwimveliso ephantsi. Ukuba ukubaluleka kobuxhasi kwihlabathi lanamhlanje kuya kwanda, esi sikhokelo singasusa izinto eziphantsi kweemarike kunye nabavelisi babo.