Ukuqwalasela imidlalo yabantwana kunye nophuhliso lwayo lwendalo, ososayensi owaziwayo kunye nefilosofi uMaria Montessori wadala inkqubo ekhethekileyo yokukhulisa abantwana, ngokusekelwe kwingcamango yokukhuthaza umntwana ukuba aphucule ngokwabo kunye nolwazi lwakhe. Inkunzi nganye iyingqayizivele kwaye ukususela ekuzalweni kwakhe izama ukuzimela, kwaye umsebenzi wabantu abadala kukumnceda ukuba adalule amathuba akhe. Lo ngumgaqo wokusebenza nabantwana kwizikolo zaseMontessori -izikolo ezilandelelweyo zendlela yokufundisa abantu abaninzi. Ukongezelela, amaziko emfundo kweli cwangciso asebenzisa izinto eziphathekayo eziveliswe ngumdali ngokwakhe kwaye zenzelwe ukuphuhliswa kwezakhono ezifanelekileyo zezithuthi kunye neenororiki ezincinane.
Izinto eziphathekayo zemfundo uMontessori
Ifayile yeemidlalo kunye neenzuzo zikaMaria Montessori zihluke kakhulu. Emva koko, utitshala wazinikela abantwana bakhe ekufundiseni ubomi bakhe bonke, kwaye ngovavanyo kunye nephutha wakhetha kuphela ukuzivocavoca, ukuzonwabisa kunye nezinto zokusebenza. Wayeqwalasela yonke into kwingcaciso yokugqibela. Ukunqongophala kwefenitshala, ukulungelelaniswa okufanelekileyo kwendawo, ukugcinwa kwemithetho kunye nokuhlelwa, iminyaka yobudala bezingane - akukho nanye inkcazelo encinci yashiywa ngaphandle kwengqalelo yakhe.
Yintoni esinokuyithetha ngayo "ngegolide yeMontessori" - imidlalo kunye nezinto zokuphuhlisa umgangatho, ezisetyenziswe ngabaxhasayo kwindlela eya namhlanje. Ngesiseko sabo, ii-toys zamanje zidalwa, kwaye oomama-ngezandla zizenzo zabo zenze i-analalo zabo ngezandla zabo. Ngokomzekelo, iipuzzle zanamhlanje, iincwadana, ukuphuhlisa imichilo - yonke le yifa likaMaria Montessori. Bafaka isandla ekuphuhlisweni kobuntu, bancede ukwazi ihlabathi elikuzungezile, kunye nokulungelelanisa izakhono nolwazi olufunyenweyo. Ngokugxininisa ekuphuhliseni izakhono ezifanelekileyo zezithuthi kunye neengqondo, umdali wayefuna ukuphuhlisa ukuqala kokomoya kwezingane, kuba ngoluvo lwakhe, oku kusisiseko somntu opheleleyo, okhululekileyo kunye onokwanelisayo.
Ukuze sibe nokuqonda okucacileyo kwezixhobo zeeklasi zeMontessori, makhe sijonge imizekelo embalwa:
- Iingxowa ezahlukeneyo ngokuzaliswa. Njengokugqibela, iinkozo, iipayi, iiimbotyi kunye ne-polystyrene zisetyenziswa. Umsebenzi wabo kukuhlakulela ubuchule bokubona abantwana.
- Izitya ezinezaliso ezahlukeneyo. Ukuphuhlisa ubuchule bokuvalelwa komncinci.
- Isifuba ngeemfihlelo, ngokuqinisekileyo njengabantwana abadala. Isixhobo esilula ngendlela yebhokisi eneemithi ezahlukahlukeneyo, apho nganye ifihliwe khona into emangalisa (umzekelo, itekisi elincinci), liya kufundisa umntwana ukuba avule kwaye avalile isitya, kwaye uncede ukuphuhlisa izandla.
- Iipilisi "ezilambile" zasePlastiki ezinebhowu emlonyeni. Enyanisweni, omncinci akayi kunqanda ukunceda "umhlobo", kwaye uya kumnandipha ngokutya kunye neentlobo ezincinane. Ulo hlobo luqeqesha iso, isandla, ingqalelo kunye nomonde.
- Imizobo yamanwe - into eyakhayo, ithandwa kakhulu ngabantwana abaninzi. Ewe, ukuzitholela ngokwaso akungathandabuzeki umsebenzi othabisayo nowuncedo kubantwana bazo zonke iindidi zeminyaka.
- Imifanekiso enqamlekileyo yinto ye-puzzles mini.
- Izinto zeqela elithile elihlukileyo kumbala, ukuma okanye ubungakanani. Umzekelo, ngaphambi kokuba umntwana ahlale emithathu imithi yeKrisimesi aze anike iiguba ezixubekileyo: obomvu, obomvu nolulusu. Umsebenzi wengane uhlobisa yonke imithi yeKrisimesi kunye nemiguba yombala othile.
- Ukufaka amafayile. Eyenziwe ngoluhlobo lomqambi olula, ngokuphindaphindiweyo ukhuni, baqeqesha ukucinga okubonakalayo, ukuqeqeshwa kwezithuthi kunye nokulungelelanisa. Kukho iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zokufakela imifanekiso yezilwanyana, abalingisi bemifanekiso, imifuno kunye neziqhamo, amanani ejometri.
- Inqaba ye pinki. Qondanisa abantwana ngeengcamango ze "big" kunye "ezincinci", "ngaphantsi", ngaphezulu.
