Ubukho bokungcola kwegazi kumchamo kuthiwa igama elithi "hematuria". Igazi lingaba khona kumchamo ngobuninzi, kwaye luyabonakala kwiso elingazimeliyo (macrohematuria), okanye kwizinto ezincinci, kwaye zifunyenwe kuphela xa ziqhuba i-laboratory test (microhematuria). Nawuphi na umlinganiselo wegazi kumchamo awukho uhlobo oluqhelekileyo. Ngoko ke, ukuba kukho i-hematuria encinci, kufuneka uviwo lwezonyango.
I-hematuria enkulu i-hematuria ingaqala, iyonke kunye nesigxina:
- Iyokuqala inxulumene nokukhululwa kwegazi ekuqaleni kokungcungcuthwa (ngokubandakanyeka kokuthandana).
- Ingqiqo iyathethi xa yonke umchamo ibonakaliswa ngegazi (nge-ureter, iimpso, i-bladder echaphazelekayo).
- I-Terminal - igazi likhutshwa ekupheleni kokucoca (kunye nomonakalo emhlane we-urethra, entanyeni yesikhumba).
Iimbangela ze-hematuria kwabasetyhini
Kukho izizathu ezininzi zokuthi kungani igazi lingena kumchamo.
- Izinto eziqhelekileyo ezibangela i- hematuria kubasetyhini zizifo ezithathelwanayo ezifana ne-cystitis kunye ne-urethritis. Kwi-cystitis, inkqubo yokucima umchamo kumfazi ngaphandle kokucofa umchamo ngepinki okanye umbala obomvu uhamba kunye neentlungu ezinzima kunye nokutshisa.
- Ukuba i-hematuriya idibaniswe ne-febrile condition, oku kungabonisa ukuba khona kwe-pyelonephritis.
- Ngamanye amaxesha ne-urolithiasis kukho ukukhutshwa komchamo kunye nokungcola kwegazi. Kule meko, ubukho be-hematuria bubangelwa ukufuduka kwelitye, okubangela ukukhathazeka kwi-mucosa ne-pelvis. Ukubonakala kwegazi emcanjeni kulo mzekelo kulandelwa yi-renal colic. Xa kuhlaselwa ngokutsha, kuphuma elinye igazi, ngokukodwa ngohlobo lwe-microhematuria.
- Xa i-hematuria idibene ne-edema, ukwanda kwengcinezelo yegazi, kunokucingelwa ukuba i-glomerulonephritis ikhona.
- Isizathu se-hematuria sinokuba nesifo sofuba sezintso. Kule meko, isigulane sinobuhlungu obunzima obuya kumqolo osezantsi.
- Kukho nesifo esinjengobuntsapho be-hematuria. Kule meko, umchamo ngegazi usebenza njengempawu nje kuphela ezingamniki umfazi into evuyisayo.
- I-Hematuria kwabasetyhini inokuchazwa ngokungcoliswa kwegazi elingcolileyo kumchamo ngexesha lokuya esikhathini okanye ngezifo ezithile zentsholongwane.
- Ngokuqhelekileyo, i-hematuria iyakwenzeka ngexesha lokukhulelwa. Kodwa isizathu salolu hlobo asizange sisungulwe ukuze kube yiminyaka. Kungenzeka ukuba xa isisu sikhulisiwe, izitho zogcino zikhonjiweyo, ezinokubangela ukuba utyhafile lube kubo kwaye, ngokufanelekileyo, ukubonakala kwegazi kumchamo.